Many species of red lichen have now taken root and deeply embedded themselves in the exquisite sculptures at the Persepolis archaeological site, the most famous ancient site in Iran.
Conservators at Persepolis are seeking ways to remove the lichen species believed to be eroding this millennia-old structure.
The ancient site of Persepolis near the city of Shiraz, in southern Iran. (Photo: THX/TTXVN).
This effort began several years ago to prevent a threat to the structure and the intricate sculptures at the site from lichen species, which grow on surfaces like stone and can gradually destroy them over time.
Designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979, Persepolis is home to giant sculptures and intricate bas-reliefs depicting emperors, nobles, and ancient deities. However, over the years, these works have suffered damage from algae and fungi. The red lichen species have now grown and embedded deeply into these artworks.
According to Shahram Rahbar, a conservator at Persepolis, this is the most serious issue, particularly for the stone sculptures. If not addressed, these organisms could completely destroy these works within the next 50 to 100 years.
In relation to this issue, lichen researcher Mohammad Sohrabi stated that Iran is home to over 3,000 lichen species, including between 500 and 700 species that grow on historical sites. Many exquisite works at Persepolis have been lost due to these organisms. Besides this site, other monuments in Iran, such as the Bisotun inscription in Kermanshah Province, have also been severely affected by lichen.
Constructed by the Persian Emperor Darius I (Darius the Great) in the 6th century BC, Persepolis has endured destruction, looting, earthquakes, fires, and harsh weather. Nonetheless, this site remains a source of pride for Iranians and an important tourist destination.
