When the skin is lightly damaged, choosing the right types of topical antiseptics is essential for effective and safe treatment.
Alcohol (ethyl alcohol):
90-degree alcohol is used for cases such as disinfecting instruments, applying to the skin before injections, etc.
However, experiments have shown that antiseptic alcohol for wounds should be 70-degree alcohol (diluted from 90-degree with water in a specific ratio). Skin wounds tend to feel irritated (stinging, burning, etc.) when in contact with alcohol.
Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2)
Hydrogen peroxide does not irritate the skin upon use. If the bottle is not tightly sealed immediately after use, the active form of oxygen produced will convert into normal oxygen gas, losing its antibacterial effect.
Mercurochrome (mercuric chloride)
Used for a long time due to its strong antibacterial properties. It is important to note that mercurochrome should not be used on deep wounds because of the risk of toxic substances entering the bloodstream, causing poisoning.
Potassium Permanganate (KMnO4)
This compound has antibacterial effects due to the oxidation properties of the newly generated oxygen when potassium permanganate is dissolved in water. Potassium permanganate should be used in crystalline form, dissolved in water at a concentration of about 1 gram (1 packet) in 1 liter of water.
Similar to hydrogen peroxide, pre-diluted potassium permanganate will not have antibacterial effects, especially when used to wash vegetables!
Iodine Alcohol (iodine tincture)
Typically used at a concentration of 5%, it also has the effect of oxidizing bacteria and killing fungi on the skin. The antiseptic and antifungal effects are due to iodine, not the alcohol itself, which is usually present in low amounts – just enough to dissolve the iodine.
Iodine alcohol is a powerful antiseptic that can destroy organic materials such as skin, clothing, and books. Therefore, caution is needed when applying it to areas where aesthetics must be maintained, such as the face.
Currently, iodine is also available in organic forms (e.g., Betadine, povidone) that do not irritate the skin and can be used safely on sensitive mucous membranes such as in the mouth and vagina…
