Not only does the HIV virus cripple the body’s immune barriers, but it also inflicts damage on the brain. American scientists have recently captured 3D images revealing the devastating effects of this pathogen.
Compared to healthy individuals, the brains of AIDS patients are “thinner” by up to 15%. MRI scans conducted by a team of experts from the University of California and the University of Pittsburgh help explain why 40% of patients infected with HIV/AIDS exhibit abnormal neurological symptoms.
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3D images show thinner brain regions in AIDS patients. |
With the help of 3D MRI technology, lead researcher Paul Thompson and his team investigated what happens inside the brains of 26 AIDS patients. The results indicated that, compared to 14 healthy individuals, AIDS patients had 10-15% thinner brain regions, regardless of whether they were taking HIV medication. These affected areas include the primary sensory regions and motor and premotor cortices.
The loss of brain tissue observed is in stark contrast to phenomena seen in common dementia disorders like Alzheimer’s disease. It appears to be related to the level of CD4 cells—a marker indicating the progression of HIV/AIDS and the remaining immune strength of the patient.
Currently, HIV antiviral medications can help extend the lifespan of patients; however, at least 2 out of 5 infected individuals experience cognitive decline, ranging from mild impairments to full-blown dementia. Scientists still do not fully understand the types of brain damage caused by the HIV virus. In the coming period, the research team will continue to explore the effects of neuroprotective drugs on AIDS patients and whether these drugs influence the HIV treatment regimens the patients are currently using.
Mỹ Linh (according to BBC)
