During the changing seasons, experiencing symptoms such as nasal congestion, sore throat, or fever may lead you to wonder if you have a sinus infection or Covid-19.
If you struggle with sinus issues, your symptoms can easily be confused with those of Covid-19. Germs like viruses and bacteria can cause sinus infections due to fluid buildup in the sinuses, which are located on either side of the nose, near the eyes, behind the forehead, and cheeks. If the sinus infection is viral, you could even spread the illness. If it’s bacterial, it will not spread.
Covid-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, is highly contagious, so individuals infected with the virus should follow appropriate isolation procedures.
In any case, recognizing the differences between these two conditions is crucial. Certain signs and other factors can help you distinguish between them. However, when in doubt, it is best to consult a doctor.
Post-nasal drip is another identifying sign of a sinus infection. (Photo: TelMDCare).
Similar and Distinct Symptoms
According to India Times, sinus infections and Covid-19 share many similar symptoms that can easily be confused, including:
- Runny or stuffy nose.
- Fatigue.
- Headache.
- Sore throat.
- Fever.
- Cough.
To differentiate between the two conditions, patients must recognize some characteristic signs. One of the most common signs of sinusitis is sinus pain or pressure felt around the upper cheeks, forehead, or inside the eyes.
Post-nasal drip is another identifying sign of a sinus infection. These symptoms often occur along with other common signs such as runny or stuffy nose. Other identifying signs of a sinus infection include tooth pain, bad breath, and discolored nasal discharge.
On the other hand, there are also some symptoms that are unique to Covid-19 and rarely occur in the case of a sinus infection. One important symptom is gastrointestinal issues, such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. These will not occur with a sinus infection.
Body aches can also be caused by Covid-19, but not by sinus infections, typically affecting the head and facial area. Shortness of breath is another distinguishing feature of Covid-19.
Loss of smell may occur during a sinus infection or cold. In Covid-19 patients, loss of smell and taste is almost complete and can occur even without a runny or stuffy nose.
Guidelines to Differentiate Sinus Infection and Covid-19
According to Healthline, here are some other ways you can differentiate between a sinus infection and Covid-19 by identifying:
- When the initial symptoms appear.
- How long the symptoms last.
- How severe the symptoms are.
Sinus infections can occur due to pollen allergies. (Photo: Treefresno).
When Do the Initial Symptoms Appear?
Symptoms of a sinus infection typically arise suddenly. Covid-19 may develop gradually over 2-14 days after exposure to SARS-CoV-2.
Sinus infections often occur after you have had a common viral illness, such as a cold or flu. If your symptoms developed following these issues, you may have a sinus infection.
Viruses causing colds or flu tend to circulate during the fall and winter months. In contrast, Covid-19 can occur at any time of the year.
Sinus infections can also occur after exposure to allergens or irritants, such as pollen, pet dander, and cigarette smoke. If you have allergies or have recently been exposed to irritants, you may be at risk for a sinus infection.
How Long Do the Symptoms Last?
Typically, a sinus infection will resolve within 2-3 weeks. Covid-19 lasts about 1-2 weeks, depending on the severity of the illness and overall health.
Some symptoms such as cough and loss of smell or taste may temporarily persist after recovering from Covid-19. Some individuals may experience Long Covid – a group of symptoms that last for weeks or months after infection.
How Severe Are the Symptoms?
Most sinus infections resolve on their own without serious symptoms or complications. If a sinus infection is bacterial, you may need antibiotics.
Meanwhile, many cases of Covid-19 can be mild or moderate. Older adults and those with certain health conditions are at higher risk of severe illness.
