Lightning occurs when the atmosphere is unstable. According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) National Severe Storms Laboratory, lightning is an electric spark that occurs between the ground, clouds, and the air. When lightning begins to form, air acts as an insulator between the negative and positive charges in the clouds, as well as between the clouds and the ground.
As opposite charges accumulate, the insulating layer of air breaks down, leading to a rapid discharge known as lightning. The flash of light that humans see in the sky during thunderstorms is nature’s way of temporarily balancing the charged areas of the air. This cycle continues until the charges dissipate.
Lightning is the cause of loud thunder. The energy from lightning heats the air to around 27,700 degrees Celsius, causing the air to explode outward. The rapid drop in pressure creates the sound of thunder.
If lightning is about to strike, a channel will gradually develop toward the ground. When it is less than 100 meters from the ground, tall objects like trees and buildings will begin to emit electric sparks to reach the channel. When the electric spark connects with the descending channel, a strong electric current will flow down the object that generated the spark.
Lightning can induce surges through plumbing and water systems, so during thunderstorms, you should absolutely avoid bathing, washing dishes, or washing your hands.
To stay safe during thunderstorms with lightning, you need to avoid all conductive materials.
You should stay indoors whenever you hear thunder. However, even when you are inside, you still face the risk of being struck by lightning.
In an interview with Prevention, Mr. John Jensenius, a lightning safety expert from the National Weather Service, advises that to stay safe during thunderstorms, you need to avoid all conductive materials, including electrical wires, plumbing, and tap water.
In fact, not only metal pipes conduct electricity, but impurities in tap water can also be conductive. Therefore, plastic pipes cannot protect you 100%.
“Water conducts electricity, so if lightning strikes something in a puddle, a person standing near that puddle is at great risk,” Mr. Jensenius warns. “Not just bathing, but washing hands or dishes can also be extremely dangerous. You should stop those activities when you hear thunder.”
