During archaeological activities, numerous artifacts have been discovered. However, many of these remain shrouded in historical mysteries that science has yet to explain, despite extensive research. The following 13 artifacts exemplify some of the most perplexing puzzles that remain unresolved.
1. The Giant Stone Spheres of Costa Rica
The stone spheres of various sizes
The giant stone spheres were discovered by a group of workers clearing land for banana plantations in the 1930s, and they all possess a remarkably spherical shape.
Many legends are associated with these stone spheres, including the belief that they contain gold within. However, after explosives were used to break them open, nothing was found inside. More accurately, they are hollow stone spheres.
The spheres baffle scientists
To this day, there is no explanation for their origin and existence. Could they symbolize celestial bodies that an ancient civilization observed and “recorded” in spherical form, or perhaps serve as territorial markers for tribes?
2. The Baghdad Battery
It appears that the Mesopotamian region was the first to understand how to generate electricity, long before electricity was formally discovered. In the 1930s, a mysterious artificial object was found during an archaeological excavation not far from Baghdad.
This object, known as the Baghdad Battery, resembles a jar, standing about 13 cm tall, with a corroded iron rod protruding from its opening. Additionally, a cylindrical copper tube was found inside the jar, along with an iron rod inserted into this tube.
Upon examination, experts concluded that this was an “ancient battery” capable of producing approximately 1 Volt of electricity, possibly used for electroplating. However, if that is the case, why has this method been forgotten for so long, and why is there no evidence of its existence in nearby areas?
3. The Voynich Manuscript
Strange illustrations in the Voynich Manuscript
The Voynich Manuscript is one of the most mysterious books in the world, lacking an author and written in an unintelligible language (not matching any known writing system), filled with bizarre symbols and illustrations. To date, no one has answers to these mysteries.
The Voynich Manuscript with its inexplicable images
4. The Inca Gold Statues
These golden statues of mysterious animals have been confirmed as products of the Inca civilization. They were found in South America, surrounded by many intriguing hypotheses.
The uniquely shaped gold statue
In 1996, Algund Eeboom and Peter Belting, two aircraft developers, confirmed these golden statues as representations of aircraft by creating scaled-up replicas, adding engines and remote control systems to make them operational. As a result, the models were able to fly, even without engines.
The aircraft model based on the statue’s structure
5. The Genetic Disk
From external appearances, the genetic disk is made from a sturdy material. However, scientists still do not understand how this artifact was produced, and they are uncertain whether it belongs to an ancient civilization.
Symbolic descriptions on the genetic disk
The name “genetic disk” comes from the fact that these special disks perfectly depict objects and processes that, in the modern world, could only be achieved through microscopy. Some hypotheses suggest they might have been used to describe pregnancy and the development of an embryo. However, these explanations have yet to be confirmed.
6. The Antikythera Mechanism
The Antikythera Mechanism is one of the oldest known computers and is considered the first analog computer in history, featuring a highly complex design.
The Antikythera Mechanism
After years of research, historians have determined that the purpose of this mechanism was to indicate the positions of the Sun, Moon, and planets in the sky, predict solar and lunar eclipses, and relate to Earthly events such as the ancient Olympic Games.
Although this conclusion has been published, there remains much debate surrounding the Antikythera Mechanism, such as whether an ancient civilization could have created such a device, and whether its gears influenced the production of similar devices in subsequent years.
7. The Greek Computer
This ancient computer was found on a sunken ship at the bottom of the sea.
The oldest computer in the world predates our assumptions by about 2,000 years. In fact, it was found in a sunken ship and can prove that technical science has existed for a very long time. Scientists have established that this Greek artifact could predict solar eclipses, schedule events in a 4-year cycle, and has connections to the scientist Archimedes. So far, only one specimen has been found, but it is believed that many similar devices were created around 100 BC.
8. The Alien Toilet
This toilet consists of a few rusty pipes with a strange shape.
This is referred to as the Alien Toilet due to its appearance. It consists of a few rusty pipes with an unusual shape but is found in an area where no one has ever lived. The dimensions of the pipes are very uniform, clearly created with purpose. There is still heated debate about these Chinese pipes, and no widely accepted answers have emerged.
9. The Half-Million-Year-Old Spark Plug
There is a hypothesis that the spark plug appeared when aliens visited Earth.
When a spark plug was found in a half-million-year-old rock, three hypotheses were proposed. First, it could be a product of an extremely advanced ancient civilization like Atlantis. Second, aliens may have visited Earth, and third, people from the future traveled back in time and left this object. All of these sound absurd, yet no one has come up with a more plausible explanation, especially since the spark plug has vanished.
10. The Mysterious Coin
This is an ancient Norse coin.
When an ancient Nordic coin dating back to the 11th century was found in a site of Native Americans, we can conclude that the Vikings arrived in America long before Christopher Columbus. However, this cannot be definitively concluded as this coin is the only Nordic artifact found.
11. The Dodecahedron in Ancient Rome
No explanation has been provided for these hollow bronze dodecahedra to date.
Archaeologists have discovered about 100 of these strange objects throughout areas once influenced by the Roman Empire, from Wales to the Mediterranean. No explanation has been offered for these hollow bronze dodecahedra thus far.
Many theories suggest they could be a type of weapon, children’s toy, measuring tool, sewing instrument, or even a candlestick handle. Due to the lack of documentation and evidence, these artifacts remain a mystery for now.
12. The List of Sumerian Kings
It is a list containing the names of kings who ruled the Sumerian kingdom from its inception to its decline.
This list contains the names of kings who ruled the Sumerian kingdom from its inception to its decline. Archaeologists have found 18 similar stone tablets with varying cuneiform texts, which they have assembled and displayed at the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford. Studies suggest that the contents appear to be historical records of the kings, but these kings are described with lifespans and reign periods that seem quite unrealistic.
The question arises: If these tablets are “historical documents”, why did the Sumerians include such unbelievable elements? Consequently, opinions from researchers worldwide have begun to speculate that perhaps the Sumerians accurately described their history and deities, or it could be that extraterrestrials personally ruled the kingdom, accounting for their incredible abilities and longevity.
The Mysterious Salzburg Cube
Researchers assert that the Salzburg Cube is at least 60 million years old.
In 1885, an employee at a foundry in Austria named Reidl discovered a peculiar object with an odd shape. After breaking through the outer shell, Reidl saw a strange iron block inside, surrounded by numerous cracks and small holes, with a peculiar color and a deep groove in the center.
He had never seen anything so strange and subsequently brought it to his boss. The two then took the unusual object to the Heimathaus Museum, where it was named Salzburg.
In 1886, a professor at the museum named Adolf Gurlt conducted research on the shape and identified it as part of a meteorite. However, further studies by the Natural History Museum in Vienna proved that the strange object was not a meteorite but could potentially be an artificial object, with its origin yet to be determined. Researchers also confirmed that the Salzburg Cube is at least 60 million years old.
The truth about the Salzburg Cube remains a mystery. Many people also express skepticism, suggesting it may simply be an ordinary stone or that some have fabricated tales about this artifact. It has been displayed at the Heimathaus Museum in Vienna for visitors to admire.
