A new blood type has been named “Er”. This discovery could assist doctors in identifying and treating certain rare diseases caused by blood incompatibility.
It is essential for individuals to know their blood type in case of life-threatening situations that require a blood transfusion. A recent article published in the journal Blood reveals the existence of a completely new blood type. Currently, those with this blood type are classified as ultra-rare. Notably, they contain unique antibodies and are referred to as “super blood.”
The new blood type contains 5 types of unusual antigens. (Photo: Yahoo).
According to The Hill, in addition to the most well-known blood types such as A, B, O, and Rh, there are dozens of other blood types. Each has its own classification system and coexists. The newly discovered blood type, named “Er,” is the 44th system in the total classification of blood types.
In total, the 5 Er antigens of this blood type are based on genetic variations in the Piezo1 protein. The Piezo1 protein is found on the surface of red blood cells.
The Er antigens seek out compatible antibodies to bind with. As a result, the immune cells attack these “foreign” cells. This can also occur in cases of blood type incompatibility. This is why doctors perform blood tests to prevent incompatible transfusions between donors and recipients. Without proper matching, recipients may experience shock or even death.
The Er antigens were discovered several years ago, but this is the first study to describe the different mutations of these antigens. It also includes findings about 2 previously unknown antigen variants.
This research is considered groundbreaking as it will help doctors recognize individuals facing rare, life-threatening issues. Additionally, it aids in diagnosing certain conditions caused by blood type incompatibility and how to treat them.
