The Bearded Reedling (Panurus biarmicus) is a small but very active bird. They inhabit reed beds in wetland areas, around ponds, lakes, and rivers, and can be found in various locations across Europe, Central and Western Asia. They are known for their distinctive song. They are called “bearded sparrows” because they resemble sparrows, yet have two long black streaks of feathers running from their eyes down the sides of their necks, resembling long mustaches.
Interestingly, in the Bearded Reedling species, this “beard” is only found in males, while females lack this feature entirely. Another distinguishing feature between males and females is that the male has a grayish head, while the female’s head is yellow-brown. Both male and female have a yellow-brown upper body, with a slightly grayish underside. Their long tails are also yellow-brown, and their wings have white streaks. Their beaks are weaker compared to other parrot-billed birds. Adult Bearded Reedlings have a body length of about 16 cm.
Bearded Reedlings enjoy eating insects. In winter, when food is scarce, they also consume grains and other seeds. Generally, they flit about in the reeds but will occasionally come down to the ground to forage for insects.
Despite their small size and seemingly limited flying ability, Bearded Reedlings often travel long distances, and those living in northern regions sometimes migrate south to avoid the winter.
During the breeding season, one can often witness amusing courtship displays. Males dance to attract females, making their tuft of feathers on their heads bob up and down. The males also puff out their “mustaches” to show off their “beard” and fan their tails in an entertaining display.
This species is known for its lifelong monogamous relationships. Both the male and female work together to build their nest hidden among the reeds. The eggs are incubated alternately by both parents for 10 to 13 days. Both the male and female care for the offspring, which take about 14 days to grow feathers and be able to fly. Each year, the female lays 2 to 3 clutches of eggs.
This intriguingly shaped bird is quite shy and tends to avoid human-populated areas. Bearded Reedlings are vulnerable to winter mortality, leading to significant population declines in many regions, sometimes leaving only a few individuals. The Bearded Reedling is considered a rare species and is currently listed by the UK government as one that requires special protection.
