HELLP is an acronym for Hemolytic Anemia, Elevated Liver enzymes, and Low Platelet Count. It refers to the syndrome of hemolytic anemia, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count in pregnant women, which typically occurs in the third trimester of pregnancy (mainly diagnosed between weeks 28 and 36 of gestation) or sometimes after delivery, with an incidence of about 5-8% among pregnant women.
HELLP is often associated with preeclampsia, with approximately 2-12% of women with preeclampsia developing HELLP syndrome (according to Vinmec International General Hospital).
HELLP syndrome is characterized by hemolytic anemia, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count in pregnant women.
Symptoms of HELLP syndrome include: Severe and progressively worsening headaches; Blurred vision, discomfort; Nausea and vomiting; Pain in the epigastric region; Numbness in hands and feet; Possible swelling; High blood pressure; Upon examination, liver capsule rupture with hematoma and disseminated intravascular coagulation may be detected.
HELLP syndrome can lead to serious consequences for the mother, such as liver and kidney damage, leading to multiple organ failure, coagulopathy, cerebral hemorrhage, and elevated liver enzymes. If the condition is not addressed promptly, it can worsen significantly, posing a high risk of death for both mother and child.
The only and mandatory treatment for this syndrome is to terminate the pregnancy, meaning the fetus must be delivered from the mother. After the fetus is removed, the mother’s health will improve rapidly.
Therefore, pregnant women should have regular prenatal check-ups, especially in the third trimester. These check-ups should not only include routine ultrasounds but also comprehensive examinations, blood pressure monitoring, urine tests, and blood tests when necessary, along with nutritional counseling… to ensure the healthiest pregnancy possible.
If preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome, or any other abnormal signs are detected, timely hospitalization will be ensured to safeguard the health of both mother and fetus (according to Dr. CKII Le Cong Tuoc, Director of Bac Giang Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital).
